What is the Second Conditional?
The second conditional is used to talk about imaginary, hypothetical, or unlikely situations in the present or future, and their imagined results. The situation described is not real — it is a fantasy or something the speaker considers very improbable.
IF clause: if + past simple
Main clause: would / could / might + infinitive
Examples
If I had more money, I would travel the world. (I don't have much money)
She would be happier if she lived closer to her family. (she doesn't)
If he studied more, he could pass his exams. (he doesn't study enough)
What would you do if you lost your job? (hypothetical question)
Were vs Was
In formal English, we use were for all subjects in the if-clause, including I, he, she, and it. Was is common in spoken English but were is preferred in writing and set phrases.
If I were you, I would apologize. (formal/recommended)
If she were taller, she could be a model.
⚠ Common mistake: Do NOT use would in the if-clause.
✗ If I would have money, I would travel.
✓ If I had money, I would travel.